Difference between revisions of "Societal Challenges"
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83. [[Personal Well-Being|Personal Basic Needs]] <br> | 83. [[Personal Well-Being|Personal Basic Needs]] <br> | ||
Latest revision as of 17:22, 25 February 2022
Return to GC Chapters Societal Challenges List - See Institutions
Decisions must be made in context to the Societal Challenges and try to avoid unintended consequences. See Sustainable Development Goals
Contents
ENVIRONMENT
- SDG 13: Climate Action
2. Managing Natural Resources
- Air - pollution, emissions, air quality
- Water - rivers, oceans, waste, microplastics etc. SDG Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation - SDG 14: Life Below Water
- Land - forests, grazing, wildlife, agriculture - SDG 15: Life on Land
- Fossil Fuels - oil, coal, natural gas
- Rare earth
3. Agriculture - Food Production
- Immigration
- Regenerative Agriculture
- Factory Farming
- GMOs, Organic, use of fertilizers, pesticides, weed killers, antibiotics,
4. Materials
- Packaging
- Waste Disposal
- Recycling
- Plastics
- Building Materials - Steel, cement, etc.
5. Manufacturing & Production
- SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
- Manufacturing - SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
- Supporting Infrastructure
- Supply Chain
6. Buildings
- Windows, thermostats, heat pumps, green roofs
- Insulation, builing automation, LED lighting
- Infrastructure
- Homes, Offices, Retail space, Manufacturing, Warehouses, etc.
- Public Transportation - SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
- Autos
- Air Transport - airports, etc.
- Infrastructure - Roads & Bridges
- Trucking & transportation of goods and services
- Logistics and deliveries
- Autonomous vehicles, drones, etc.
8. Energy
- Renewables - SDG 7: Affordable and Clean Energy - Wind, Geothermal, Solar, Hydro
- Oil, Gas and Coal
- Production and Distribution - SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
JUSTICE, SAFETY & SECURITY
Humanity, Dignity, Privacy,
9. Systemic Racism
- Also called institutional or structural
- Reparations - slavery, Jim Crowe, Mass Incarceration
10. Mass Incarceration - Criminal Justice System (I)
- Jail Involved (20 million people)
- more people with criminal record than college degress - Tight Rope
- Convicted Felons getting work
- Recidivism
- Drug Possession
- Addiction
- Equality under the law
- Freedoms & Liberties SDG 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions* Racial Discrimination
- Gender equality - SDG 5: Gender Equality
- Sexual Orientation
12. Safety Net --> Enablement Net (I)
- Food Stamps
- Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)
- Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
- Worker's Compensation
- Unemployment
- Social Security disability benefits (SSDI)
- Medicaid & CHIP
- School Lunches
- Housing & Utilities support
13. Public Safety (I)
- Policing
- Law enforcement
- Fire
- Emergency Medical Services
14. Guns
15. Crisis Response (I) ,br>
- Economic Crisis
- Global Pandemic
- Natural Disasters
- Products,
- Transportation
- Banking
- Home Loans
- Credit Cards
- Food production
17. Homeland Security (I)
- Homeland Security - SDG 16: Peace and Justice Strong Institutions
- Cybersecurity
- Domestic Terrorism
- National Security - Military Threats
- Retirement Income
- Social Security System (I)
DIGITAL
19. Digitalization
- Data privacy
- Digital monopolies
- Surveillance Capitalism & Surveillance Authoritarianism - shift from these use cases to societal challenges
- Online security
- Hacking
- Algorithmic bias
20. Data Resources - Data Infrastructure
- The new oil - most important resource to address societal challenges
- Accurate & Timely Data Feeds
- Data Rights - who owns it?
- Data Privacy vs Insight
- Research & Discovery & Insight
- Data Science Infrastrure
- Passive Data Collection (i.e., what we have today) vs. Active Data Collections to improve ML Models
- Data Creation - i.e., need to collect the 80% - social determination of health
- Need labeled data - we need to shift to AI first data strategy - what data do we need, then get it created
- Data Standardization - i.e., social determinants of health - collect data for
21. Digital Infrastructure
- Broadband
- 5G and latency
22. Digital Media
- Disinformation and sowing discord
- Social Media - how do we keep people safe and free? Section 230
- Streaming Media - news, music, games, movies
- ML Algorithms that drive attention, engagement, find things, sell things
- Hacking Algorithms - Facebook Feeds, Viral tweets, Google Search/SEO, Tic-Toc, You Tube
- Digital Fakes - Made Up News, Videos, Photos
- News - traditional, lack of local news
- Fact bubbles - Public company reporting, Facts and narratives (including predictions/forward guidance)
- Narrative bubles - news fits into a narrative
23. Digital Divide
- Access & Competencies
- Telehealth - lack technology and skills
- Education - lack of computer, broadband
- Ordering Food, Medicines & Consumer goods
- Cell service
- Broadband
- Satellite
- Cable
- Quality smart phone, digital subscriptions (NY Times, WaPo)
HEALTH
25. Public Health
- Global pandemic - including protecting front-line workers health and finance (i.e., paid sick leave)
- Research, vaccinations, education (alcohol, tobacco)
- Worker safety standards, school nutrition
- Track Disease outbreaks, pandemics
- Promote guidelines and legislation (Smoking bans, air quality, seat belts) based on science.
- Supply of water and sanitation, housing, protection from natural disasters, occupational safety, education, air quality, road safety, agriculture policies, food safety, racial justice, vaccination, infecteous disease control, licensing of medicines and devices, tobacco control
- All of Us - Potential AI model of human health
26. Substance Use
- Drug possession crimes vs drug treatments
- Addictions - Opioids
- Alchohol, Prescription medications
27. Mental Health
- Depression, Anxiety, Stress
- Suicide - Deaths of Despair (Suicide, Drug Overdose, Alcohol-related)
- Parity - Mental Health vs. Physical Health
- Adverse Childhood Events (ACE)
28. Individual Health
- Individual health - SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being
- Life Expectancy
- Manage chronic conditions - obesity,
29. Healthcare System
- Affordability - Cost
- Access to primary, specialist and hospital care and affordabile medicines, adequate number of trained healthcare professionals.
- Healthcare Insurance
- Coordinated
- Mental Health parity & treatments
30. Health Intervention Outcomes
- Preventitive medicine
- Treatment of disease throughout life course, pallitive and end-of-life care
- Health Outcomes
- Non-medical interventions - social determinants of health
31. Food
- Food insecurity - SDG 2: Zero Hunger
- Food deserts
- Nutrition
COMMUNITIES
32. Social Capital - Conceptual
- Social Capital (Alienated America)
- Churches
- Social Organizations
33. Community Resources - Physical & Conceptual
- Safety
- Parks
- Schools-
- SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
- Food
- Utilities - water, sewage treatment, electricity, phone, internet
- District Heating
- Essential Services - Food, Consumables, Hospitals, Doctors, Mental Health
- Infrastructure
SCIENCE & RESEARCH
34. Research
- Basic Science and Innovation - SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure
- Climate Change
- Health - Cancer treatment discoveries
- Non-Randomized Real World Evidence (RWE) vs. Randonimzed Control Trials (RCT)
35. Human Knowledge
- Libraries
- Wikipedia
- Studies, Journals
- 2 million new journal articles published every year
INTELLIGENCE & AUTOMATION (I&A)
36. Digital Intelligence (Contexua) - feeds Automation & Cognitive Assistance
- AI or ML use cases
- Rules
- Data Science
37. Automation
- Intelligence Automation
- Autonomy - Autonomous Vehicles
- Robotic Process Automation (RPA), IPA
- Robots
- Citizen Developers
38. Cognitive Assistance - AI & Human Collaboration
- Use of One Billion ML Models
- Digital Twins and Digital Phenotypes
- Use of Algorithms, ML Models in decison making - loans, prison sentences, job applicants
- Transparency & Explainability
- Ethics
- Biases
39. Artificial Intelligence
- ML, DL, RL, AGI
- Narrow AI
- Citizen Developers
TRANSFORMATION
40. Disruptive Technologies
- Deployment
- Unintended Consequences
- Human disruption
41. Disruptive Change
- Social Change
- Aligning with Change
- Adapting to Change
42. Societal Transformation
INSTITUTIONS
43. Taxes
- Us and Them
- Functional Legislature - lack of collaboration
- Populism & Cancel Culture
- Political Cartel
- Fact & Narrative Bubbles - mask wearing, fair elections, climate change
- Gerrymandering - create threats from extreme left or right of party
- Political Cartel - keeps moderates out, prevents collaboration from happening
45. Democracy - Self Governing
- Elections - fair
- Open Elections
- Representitive Government
- Mission and Goals - reflect the people
46. Institutional Trust
- Public trust
- Fraud, Waste and Abuse
- Political corruption
- Leadership - appointment based on meritocracy vs. Aristocracy
47. Institutional Effectiveness
- Efficient
- Effective
49. Religion
GLOBAL
50. Immigration
- Human Migration
- Citizenship
- Worker Visas
- DACA
51. Globalization
- Governments Stability vs Values (i.e., Middle East, China, others)
- Global Conflicts
- Election Tampering
- Domestic Supply Chain
- Cyberseurity
ECONOMIC CAPITALISM
52. Economic Growth
- Population Growth - fertility rate (often highest in poverty) and immigration (polarizing)
- Productivity - requires investment, innovation, good bets & bad bets
- GDP and Jobs, etc. - SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
- US GDP by industry
- Competitiveness - monopolies
- Efficient
- Effectiveness
- Depletion of non-renewable resources such as fossil fuels, metals, and minerals
- Enough food, water and energy – that can support a human population
- Aging Population - Enough young to care for the old
- Workforce - farms, etc.
- Pandemic Disruptions
54. Entrepreneurship
- Small Business
- Business Start-ups
- Venture Capital
55. Competition
56. Investment
57. Labor
- Laborforce
- Skills match with jobs
58. Abusive Capitalism
- Rent-seeking
- Monopolies
- Fraud & leveraging insider information
- Crony capitalism - thrive based collusion between business class and political class rather than free enterprise
- Price gouging
- Insider trading
59. Shadow Economy
- Black Market represents Average of 32% of all nations economies - 8.3% in US GDP
- Illegal economy - illegal drugs, human trafficking, endangered species, human organs, antiquities, and stolen goods
- Unreported economy - to avoid taxes
MERITOCRACY
60. Merit - rewards based on talent, effort, virture & achievement
- Merit - Accomplishments - Enablement
- Brett Cavanaugh vs Sonia Sotomayor
- Talents and Virture
- Addressing the non-winners or those
- Choosing the best and brightest
- How do you define merit?
61. Priviledge
- Wealth - access to resources, less barriers
- Connections and proximity to decision makers (same school, country club)
62. Corruption
- Corruption - acquire illicit benefits of abuse of power for personal gain
- Nepotism
- Patronage
- Bribery and embezzelment
- Corruption is most common in kleptocracies, oligarchies, narco-states, and mafia states.
- exists in democratic, autocratic and socialist systems
INCOME & WORK
63. Jobs
- Future of Work
- Job creation
64. Working-Class Jobs
- Income Stagnation
- Minimum wage
- Hourly work with no time off or benefits
- Working Class Jobs - High School or Less, Some College
- Perform physical or low-skilled work for a living - while they develop skills (construction work), they are typically paid low-skill wages
65. Middle Income Jobs
- Good Paying Jobs - SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth
- Between the working class and the upper class within a socio-economic hierarchy.
- Professionals, managers, and civil servants
- Typically college or some college or education - fire fighter, police officer,
66. Self-Employment (no unemployment insurace or benefits)
- Entrepreneurship
- Contract work, temp work
- Gig work - via platform
- Not classified as an employee, 1099
- Domestic workers (serve multiple households), home health assistance
- Paid leave - Family, Sick with Covid-19 and need to come to work, can't go to doctor or take family member to doctor
- Gig Work - Employee vs. Contractor - need new classifications
- Workplace environment
- Workforce protections - discrimination, harassment, etc.
- Job Loss
- Career advancement
- Job Disruptions (Change, AI, Automation, Robots) - global pandemic
- Retrain, redistribute, Universal Basis Income, reduce hours
- Apprenticeship
- Job training
- Trade schools
- Retraining and reskiling
- Certificates - Nearly 30 Percent of Workers in the U.S. Need a License to Perform Their Job
70. Labor Force Participation
71. Child Care
- Affordable
- Convenient and flexible
EDUCATION
72. Early Childhood Education
- Cradle to full-time employment -SDG 4: Quality Education
- Student Loans
- Financial Aid
HUMAN FLOURISHING
75. Senior Living
- Nursing homes vs home care
- Affordable Adult Care & Automation
- Medications
76. Homelessness
77. Housing
- Affordable
- Home Loans
78. Poverty
- SDG 1: No Poverty
79. Income and Wealth Inequality
- Individual - SDG 10: Reduced Inequality
- Entrepreneurship - start a business, seed a startup
- Home Purchase
80. Social Equity
- Fairness of opportunity and social policies
- Addressing the non-winners (harshness of Capitalism, Meritocracy, Democracy, Crimal Justice system)
- Addressing environment (people that didn't win the parent lottery)
- Fairness & Equity
- Equality is impossible
- Equity vs. Equality - equality is equal under the law, equity is having similar repesentaion under the law (i.e., expensive lawyers)
81. Social Mobility "aka American Dream" Enablement Opportunity (Individual)
- #1 Upward/downward mobility - American Dream
- #2 Intergenerational mobility
- #3 Structural Mobility - attributable to changes in society as a whole - everyone can't be above average
- SDG 17: Partnerships to achieve the Goal
- Income mobility
- Raj Chetty - 2014 study on income mobility
82. Deaths of Despair
- Not happening in other European countries
INDIVIDUAL WELL-BEING
- Health - Physical and mental health
- Financial
- Family, Friends & Support
- People to help - in time of need, find jobs, resources, etc.
- Social Network
84. Personal Flourishing Needs
- Purpose and Meaning
- Love and Connection
- Friends & Family
- People to enjoy spending time
- Lack of Loneliness
- Competence and Control
- Dignity
85. Human Enablement
